Hyperhidrosis

Hyperhidrosis is a condition where sweating is in excess of that required for the body’s normal temperature regulation. This condition usually begins in either childhood or adolescence. Although any site on the body can be affected, the most commonly affected sites are the palms, soles, and underarms (axillae). 

 
This kind of excessive sweating is a serious medical condition. It afflicts millions of people around the world (approximately 3% of the population) but because of lack of awareness, more than half of these people are never diagnosed or treated for their symptoms. 

Hyperhidrosis comes in two forms. The first, primary focal hyperhidrosis refers to sweating not caused by other medical conditions, or side effect of medications. The sweating usually occurs in specific sites such as on the palms, soles of the feet, underarms, head or face. The second form of excessive sweating is referred to as secondary generalized hyperhidrosis. This type of excessive sweating is caused by a medical condition - such as menopause, cancer, or diabetes - or as a side effect of a medication. An interesting difference between the two forms of hyperhidrosis is people who suffer from primary focal disorder do not sweat while sleeping. On the other hand, secondary generalized hyperhidrosis suffers do sweat while sleeping. 

Excessive sweating can cause tremendous emotional stress and anxiety. It can disrupt all aspects of a person’s life, from career choices and recreational activities to relationships, emotional well-being, and self-image. Chances are that you suffer every day. You may constantly worry about how much you’re sweating. You may spend hours each day dealing with sweat - changing clothes, ”freshening up,“ wiping, placing napkins or pads under your arms or in your pockets, bathing, and hiding under dark-colored, bulky clothes.

In addition to psychological troubles, excessive sweating can also cause painful or irritating skin problems, such as bacteria or fungal overgrowth, infections, and disintegration (also called maceration) of the skin. 

Treatments currently available usually involve the use of topical antiperspirants and salves that function as astringents to dry up the sweat glands. These often only offer some relief and the condition returns upon discontinuation of their use. Another treatment is called iontophoresis and is commonly used to treat palmar or plantar (foot) hyperhidrosis. This involves putting the affected area in a bath and then an electrical current is passed through the water. Medications have also been used, but with only modest success. Often times, however, side effects that limit their long term usefulness. 

An exciting, newer treatment involves the use of Botox, the same medication used to soften facial wrinkles. Botox works by blocking the nerve impulse to the sweat gland, thereby reducing the activity of the glands. The treatment involves a series of injections into the affected area. Often a topical anesthetic is used to reduce the discomfort of injection. Treatment effects can last up to 9 months. 

In rare cases that are refractory to the more conventional treatments, surgery may be an option. However, since it is more risky and can result in permanent side effects and damage, patients should be fully informed regarding all the risks involved before undertaking any surgical treatment.

To visit the International Hyperhidrosis Society website, click here.